Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure designed to address various conditions affecting the spine. It involves joining two or more vertebrae—the bones in the spine—to help stabilize the spine and reduce pain.
At Precision Orthopaedic Specialties, with locations in Chardon, Chagrin Falls, Middlefield, and Geneva, OH, we specialize in spine surgery, offering tailored solutions to help you regain mobility and reduce pain. Contact us today to schedule a consultation!
Spinal fusion involves permanently connecting two or more vertebrae in your spine. This fusion helps eliminate motion between the vertebrae and can significantly reduce pain. Surgeons often use bone grafts to promote fusion, allowing the bones to grow together into one solid piece. It is performed on the different sections of the spine, including the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine, depending on where the issue lies.
Cervical spinal fusion addresses problems in the neck area, while lumbar spinal fusion is focused on the lower back. The type of fusion chosen will depend on the specific spinal condition and location of the problem.
Spinal fusion can stabilize the spine and reduce or eliminate pain associated with various conditions. By joining the vertebrae, the procedure stops abnormal motion that can irritate spinal nerves or cause pain due to instability.
It is particularly effective for conditions like spinal stenosis, herniated discs, or fractures. For athletes and active individuals, this procedure can help restore stability, allowing for a return to a more active lifestyle.
Spinal fusion also strengthens the spine following injuries or surgeries that might compromise its structure, making it a viable solution for long-term pain management.
Preparing for spinal fusion is essential for a smooth procedure and recovery. Your doctor will likely recommend stopping certain medications, including anti-inflammatory drugs and blood thinners, a week before surgery to reduce the risk of excessive bleeding. Additionally, you might undergo physical therapy before the surgery to strengthen the muscles around the spine.
Before the procedure, it’s important to discuss all aspects of the surgery with your surgeon. They will walk you through the process, answer any questions, and provide specific instructions, such as fasting the night before spinal surgery or arranging for a ride home afterward.
Spinal fusion is typically performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon accesses the affected area through incisions made in the back, side, or front of the body, depending on the type of fusion. In procedures like anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), the surgeon approaches the spine from the front, carefully moving your organs and blood vessels aside to access the vertebrae.
Once the surgeon reaches the affected vertebrae, a bone graft material is placed between the vertebrae. The graft may be sourced from your own body (autograft), a donor (allograft), or synthetic material. Over time, the bone graft helps the bones in the spine fuse together into one solid piece.
Screws, rods, or plates may also be used to stabilize the spine while the bones heal. The entire procedure can take several hours, depending on the complexity of the case.
Like any surgery, spinal fusion comes with potential risks. Complications can include infection, blood clots, nerve damage, or improper healing of the bones. Additionally, some patients may experience stiffness or reduced flexibility in the fused area of the spine.
Another potential issue is the failure of the bone graft to fuse correctly, requiring additional surgery. Pain medicines are usually prescribed to manage discomfort post-surgery, but long-term use should be monitored closely to avoid dependency.
The recovery process after spinal fusion varies, but most patients are encouraged to start moving within a day or two to promote healing and prevent complications like blood clots. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the recovery process, helping you regain strength and mobility in the back. Your physical therapist will guide you through exercises designed to improve stability without putting too much strain on the spine.
During the first few weeks, it’s important to avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities. As the fusion progresses, your doctor will monitor the healing process through imaging tests and adjust your activity level accordingly. Full recovery can take several months, but with proper care, many patients experience significant relief from pain and a return to daily activities.
Spinal fusion is a proven treatment option for conditions that cause pain and instability in the spine. By joining the vertebrae, this procedure offers long-term relief and stability.
If you are struggling with back pain or spinal conditions that affect your daily life, Precision Orthopaedic Specialties can help you determine if spinal fusion is right for you. Our team specializes in spine surgery, offering personalized treatment plans to help you regain your mobility and improve your quality of life. Contact us at one of our offices in Northeast Ohio today to schedule an appointment!
Medically reviewed by George J. Kellis, M.D.
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