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Hamstring Injuries

Hamstring injuries are one of the most common muscle injuries among athletes and active individuals. This article will cover everything you need to know about hamstring injuries, from causes and symptoms to treatment and prevention.

At Precision Orthopaedic Specialties, we specialize in diagnosing and treating sports-related injuries, including hamstring strains. Contact our offices is Chardon, Chagrin Falls, or Middlefield, OH, to learn more. 

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What is a Hamstring Injury?

A hamstring injury occurs when one or more of the three muscles in the hamstring muscle group—the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, or semimembranosus—are stretched beyond their limits or torn. These muscles run along the back of the thigh, connecting the pelvis to the lower leg.

Hamstring muscle injuries can range from mild strains to complete muscle tears. A hamstring strain is a common type of injury that results from overstretching, while more severe hamstring injuries can involve significant muscle fiber damage or even a rupture of the hamstring tendon.

A man with a hamstring injury while running in Chardon, Ohio.

What Causes a Hamstring Injury?

A hamstring injury typically occurs due to excessive stretching or sudden force applied to the muscles. Common causes include:

  • Sudden acceleration or deceleration – Sprinting, jumping, or quick changes in direction can overload the hamstring muscles.
  • Muscle imbalance – Weak or tight hamstrings in relation to the quadriceps can increase injury risk.
  • Lack of warm-up – Insufficient stretching or preparation before exercise can lead to reduced range of motion and increased strain.
  • Poor flexibility – Tight muscles are more prone to injury.
  • Fatigue – Tired muscles are less capable of absorbing force, making them more vulnerable.

What Are the Symptoms of a Hamstring Injury?

The symptoms of a hamstring injury depend on the severity of the strain. Common signs include:

  • Sharp pain at the back of the thigh during activity.
  • Swelling or bruising in the affected area.
  • Tenderness and muscle weakness, making it difficult to walk or bend the knee.
  • A popping sensation, which may indicate a severe tear.
  • Reduced range of motion, particularly in the knee and hip.

How to Diagnose a Pulled Hamstring

If you suspect a pulled hamstring, it’s important to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis. A specialist in sports medicine can assess the severity of your injury and recommend the best course of treatment.

Diagnosis typically involves:

  • Physical examination – The doctor will check for tenderness, swelling, and range of motion limitations.
  • Strength tests – The physician may ask you to perform movements to evaluate muscle function.
  • Imaging tests – An MRI or ultrasound may be used to assess muscle damage and detect any severe tears.

Hamstring Injury Treatment

Treatment for hamstring injuries varies depending on the severity. The initial focus is on reducing pain and inflammation while promoting healing.

Immediate Care (RICE Method)

The RICE method helps in the early stages of the injury to reduce inflammation. The RICE method includes the following:

  • Rest – Avoid activities that put a strain on the injured muscle.
  • Ice – Apply ice packs for 15-20 minutes every few hours to reduce swelling.
  • Compression – Use an elastic bandage to minimize swelling.
  • Elevation – Keep the leg elevated to decrease fluid buildup.

Medical Treatment Options

The following treatments are available to treat hamstring injuries:

  • Physical therapy – A structured rehabilitation program helps restore strength and flexibility.
  • Pain management – Over-the-counter medications may help control pain and inflammation.
  • Knee splint or crutches – In severe cases, immobilization may be needed to prevent further damage.
  • Scar tissue management – Massage and stretching techniques help break down scar tissue and improve mobility.
 

Surgery is rarely needed but may be considered for complete hamstring tendon ruptures.

Preventing Hamstring Injuries

Taking preventive measures can reduce the likelihood of hamstring muscle injuries. Some key strategies include:

  • Regular stretching – Improve flexibility with dynamic and static stretches.
  • Strengthening exercises – Focus on hamstring and glute muscles to correct muscle imbalance.
  • Proper warm-up and cool-down – Gradually increase and decrease activity levels.
  • Cross-training – Incorporate low-impact exercises like swimming or cycling to avoid overuse injuries.
  • Gradual progression – Avoid sudden increases in workout intensity.

Recovery and Return to Activity

The recovery time for a hamstring injury depends on its severity:

  • Mild strain – 1-3 weeks
  • Moderate strain – 4-8 weeks
  • Severe hamstring injuries – Several months, possibly requiring surgical intervention
 

During rehabilitation, physical therapy plays a crucial role in restoring mobility and strength. A therapist will guide you through progressive exercises to regain function while minimizing the risk of re-injury.

 

Get Expert Care for Hamstring Injuries

If you’re dealing with a hamstring injury, don’t wait to seek professional care. At Precision Orthopaedic Specialties, our expert team provides comprehensive treatment plans tailored to your needs. Whether you need physical therapy, advanced diagnostics, or specialized rehabilitation, we’re here to help you recover safely and effectively.

Contact us today at one of our locations in Chardon, Chagrin Falls, or Middlefield, OH, to schedule an appointment and get back to doing what you love!

Medically reviewed by Kraig K. Solak, D.O.

Our Specialties

  1. https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/hamstring-muscle-injuries
  2. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17039-hamstring-injury

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